करसनभाई पटेल जीवनी

Karsanbhai Patel

Karsanbhai Patel is an Indian industrialist and the founder of Nirma Group.  Nirma Group Manufactures Cosmetics, Soaps, Detergents, Salt, Soda Ash, Laboratory and Dental Injectables etc. 

Nirma Powder business started from a small room in 1969 Dr. Patel's dedication and hard work  He grew up with hard work and today he ranks in the list of the richest people of India.  He did this business along with his job.  According to a figure, in the year 2004 Nirma had more than 15000 employees and turnover of more than 3550 crores!

early life:-

Karsanbhai Patel was born on 13 April 1944 in Mehsana, Gujarat in a simple farmer family.  He had his early education at a local school in Mehsana and at the age of 21 he completed his B.Sc with chemistry as a laboratory assistant (first at the New Cotton Mills of the Lalbhai Group in Ahmedabad and then at the Government of Gujarat).  in the Department of Mining and Geology).

Beginning of Nirma:-

In 1969, he started manufacturing Nirma (in the name of his daughter) detergent in the backyard of his house and selling it on his own cycle.  He used to do this work in the evening after coming from office and sell 15-20 packets on cycle while going to office the next day morning. Was.  

Narendra Modi biography:

People liked the cheap powder and soon Nirma powder became successful.  After about three years he quit his job and set up a small factory near Ahmedabad. Within a short span of time Nirma brand got established in Gujarat and Maharashtra.

Superior quality and low price have made Nirma Detergent Powder the favorite powder of every housewife.  After this, Karsanbhai took it to the door-to-door of the country through publicity on radio and television.  

Nirma brought a revolution in the detergent market and also established a new segment.  But within ten years, Karsanbhai Patel made Nirma the best selling detergent powder.  Thus the Nirma brand became almost a synonym for low cost detergents and toilet soaps.

By the year 2004, Nirma had given employment to about 14000 people.  After establishing its foothold in the affordable detergent market, Nirma realized that it was necessary to launch new products keeping in mind the upper income group so that the company could carve a niche for itself among the middle class consumers as well as the upper income group

With this vision Nirma entered the premium segment under which Nirma launched products like Nirma Bath Nirma Beauty Soap and premium powder Super Nirma Detergent  Nirma also tried to spread her feet in the field of shampoo and toothpaste, but did not get the expected 

success. Nirma also introduced edible salt in the market under the name "Shuddha

 which was successful.  Nirma has a market share of about 20 percent in the soap market, while in the detergent powder segment, Nirma holds about 35 percent of the market.

In the feild of education:-

 

In 1995, Karsanbhai Patel established Nirma Institute of Technology in Ahmedabad.  After this a management institute was also established.  Later both the institutes came under Nirma University of Science and Technology 

Shahrukh Khan life story

These institutes are run by "Nirma Education and Research Foundation.  Nirmalabs” was also established in 2004.  Since the 1990s, Nirma has become a consumer brand that has established itself in the market of detergents, soaps, and personal care products.

Most importantly, good quality products at affordable prices.  Nirma's success was attributed to its distribution reach and market penetration, despite having other large and competitive brands in the soap and detergent market.

Today Nirma's network includes around 400 distributors and over 2 lakh retail outlets.  Due to this vast network Nirma has been able to make its products available to small villages.

After establishing himself in the country, Karsanbhai Patel ventured into the international market and established a joint venture in Bangladesh.  After this, he also turned to China, Africa and other Asian countries.  In 2007, he acquired American raw materials company Searles Valley Minerals Inc. and became one of the world's top soda ash manufacturers.

Nirma is one of the few brands in the country that are recognized as a complete Indian brand.  Nirma conquered established and powerful MNCs under the leadership of Karsanbhai Patel and won the hearts of consumers with her unique marketing channels and methods.

Awards and honors:-

Karsan Bhai Patel has been behind this immense success of Nirma.  He has been honored with various awards from time to time for his contribution to the economy and industry of the country.
He was twice elected Chairman of the Council for Development of Soaps and Detergents.

Made the President of Gujarat Detergent Manufacturers Association.

Conferred with the title of Udyog Ratna by Small Industries Association of New Delhi.

He was awarded the honor of Outstanding Industrialist in 1990 by the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Gujarat, Ahmedabad.
Awarded with Gujarat Businessman Award in 1998.

Awarded Excellence in Corporate Governance by Rotary International.
In 2001, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by Florida Atlantic University, Florida, United States.

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randy orton biography full

Randy Orton 

Born (April 1, 1980.) in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA,  Birth name Randall Keith Orton Nick name, The Legend Killer

man of luck
dream Killer
snake
Apex Predator Height6' 4¼" (1.94 m)

Mini Bio 

Randall Keith Randy Orton (born April 1, 1980) is an American professional wrestler and actor, best known to sports entertainment audiences for his career with WWE.  Orton was born in Knoxville, Tennessee to Bob Orton, Jr., and his wife, Elaine.  He is the grandson of Bob Orton, Sr., and nephew of wrestler-turned-musician Barry Orton. 

Randy has a younger brother named Nate and a younger sister named Rebecca.  In early life, his parents discouraged him from pursuing any career in professional wrestling due to the time he spent away from home and family.  However, while attending Hazlewood Central High School, Orton became involved in wrestling at the amateur level.

Orton graduated from high school in 1998 and then joined the United States Marine Corps.  However, after going AWOL twice and disobeying a direct command from a commanding officer, Orton received a Bad Conduct Discharge (BCD) in 1999.

After his brief military stint, Orton chose a career in professional wrestling.  During 2000 at the age of 20, Orton began his training, which ran into 2001 the following year.  He wrestled at the local training promotion in St. Louis, where he had a working relationship with his father and uncle.  Orton also gained experience as a wrestling referee.

During 2001, Orton signed with the then World Wrestling Federation and began training in his instructional program, Ohio Valley Wrestling.  Orton made his debut the following year in 2002 at WrestleMania X8 (2002) Fan Exes, defeating Tommy Dreamer.  During 2002, Orton began receiving more televised match time and screen-time for promos.  

The following year, when the company renamed itself WWE, in 2003, Orton quickly increased his presence on the WWE roster as Evolution opposite Paul Levesque (known as Triple H).  The known heel joined the stable.  While at Evolution, Orton won his first singles title when he defeated Rob Van Dam for the WWE Intercontinental Championship at WWE Armageddon (2003).  The following year, Orton won his second title when he defeated the fan favorite SummerSlam (2004).  

By this time, Orton had begun to move away from his Evolution teammates and began to strike on his own.  Establishing himself as the Legend Killer, Orton embarks on a crusade to take down every wrestling legend that WWE has to offer.  His crusade came to an end when he was defeated by The Phenom, The Undertaker (Mark Calaway) at WrestleMania 21 (2005), after promising WWE fans that he would end The Undertaker's 12–0 undefeated WrestleMania record.

As Orton's career in WWE continued, Orton won the WWE Championship a total of 8 times and was the last World Heavyweight Champion to have won that title 4 times.  During the late 2000s, Orton formed a tag team with Adam Copeland (known as Edge), the team that became Rated RKO

(Rated R Superstar and Randy K.  The finisher move was named RKO).  They won the World Tag Team Championship for the first and last time before losing the title to John Cena and Shawn Michaels.  During the early 2010s, Orton formed his own stable called Legacy, which included Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase Jr.  Killer-instinct in the wrestling ring.

Outside of wrestling, Orton ventured into acting.  He previously intended to star in WWE-produced film titles such as The Marine 2 (2009), but was injured at the time and the lead role was given to Ted DiBiase Jr.  When he was considered for a third sequel to The Marines, he was dismissed from consideration due to his history with the USMC 

and the lead was given to Mike The Miz Mizanin.  Orton made his film debut in 2011 as the father of a school bully in the film That's What I Am (2011).  His next film role was a lead role in 12 Rounds 2: Reloaded (2013), later with a lead in The Condemned 2 (2015) and an appearance in Countdown (2016).  In 2016, Orton got a supporting role in the action thriller series Shooter (2016).

randy orton family

Spouse Kimberly Orton (14 November 2015 - present) (1 child)

Samantha Spino  (21 September 2007 - June 2013) (divorced) (1 child)

trade mark (14)

full nelson slam

Finishing Move: RKO (Jumping Cutter)

Finishing Move: Super RKO (Running Elevated Cutter)

Finishing Move: O-Zone (Overdrive)

Trademark trick: Enhanced DDT

Trademark move: European uppercut

Trademark Trick: Gutwenge Elevated Neckbreaker

Trademark move: Frog Splash Style Flying  Crossbody

Trademark move: Knee Drop

Trademark move: Standing dropkick

Trademark Trick: Stretch Backbreaker

Trademark move (in OVW): Wheelbarrow  German Suplex

Trademark Trick: Wrenching Rear  Chinlock

Trademark Move: Running Punt (to kick an opponent in the head)

General Knowledge (93)

Son of legendary wrestler Cowboy Bob Orton.

 Wrestler/musician's nephew turned actor   Barrymore Barlow, aka 'Barry O'.
 2001 PWI Wrestling Rookie of the Year.
 Only father and son have been named   Rookies of the Year for both.
 Third generation pro wrestler.
 Grandson of Bob Orton Sr.
 He was in the Marines.

Aunt Rhonda Orton with close friend Andre the Giant during the filming of The Princess Bride (1987) at Lee International Studios in Shepperton, UK.  There he met Wallace Shawn.  As luck would have it, a decade later in 1997, Las Vegas gaming industry professional Rhonda was hired to train Sean as a blackjack dealer for Vegas Vacations (1997).

He and fellow Evolution member Dave Bautista (aka Batista) both began their wrestling careers at Ohio Valley Wrestling.

He won the WWE Intercontinental Championship by defeating Rob Van Dam.

Members of Evolution along with Ric Flair, Paul Levesque (aka Triple H) and Dave Bautista (aka Batista) the most powerful stable in WWE.

He is the eldest of 3 children.  Younger brother and sister, Nathan and Becky Orton.

The finishing move is RKO (his name is derived from Randall Keith Orton).  The RKO is a modified version of the Ace Crusher or Diamond Cutter move.

Born in Knoxville, Tennessee.  He grew up in St. Louis, Missouri.  At the age of 20 he moved to Louisville, Kentucky.  When he got out of OVW, he moved back to St. Louis and still lives there.

wwe superstar roman reigns biography

He is the second youngest WWE Intercontinental Champion.  Jeff Hardy is the youngest at 23, just a few months younger than Orton.

Held the Intercontinental Championship for 7 months.  The longest reign since The Rock lasted 8 months in 1997.

On March 1, 2003, at a WWE live event, Orton and Dave Bautista (aka "Batista) faced the Dudley Boyz.  It was famous for being a match that almost no one turned away from unscathed.  Batista tore his biceps, Orton broke his leg and Mark Lomonaco (aka Bubba Ray Dudley) injured his back.

In April 2004, Backlash defeated Cactus Jack (Mick Foley) in a No Holds Bard match, thus making him the Legend Killer.

At the age of 24, he became the youngest world champion in wrestling history by winning the WWE Raw title.

No longer a member of the group Development.  The group turned on him the night after he won the world title from Chris Benoit.

On 15 August 2004, he defeated Chris Benoit at SummerSlam (2004) to become the youngest world heavyweight champion in history.

In fact, he is actually best friends with wrestlers John Cena and John Hennigan.

He had shoulder surgery on 11 October 2002.
When he was on SmackDown, he traveled with Brock Lesnar and John Cena.  He travels with Dave Bautista (aka Batista)

Every Tuesday, he goes to his parents' house to have dinner with his family and so his father can talk about his matches on last night's Raw.
He was a straight A student in school.

WWE Raw Theme Song: Burn In My Light, Mercy Drive.

On April 2, 2005 (the night before WrestleMania 21), he had the honor of inducting his father, the legendary Bob Orton (aka Cowboy Bob Orton) into the WWE Hall of Fame.

He is the third generation wrestler in WWE history.  The first two are Dwayne Johnson (aka The Rock) and Chavo Guerrero Sr.

He is the youngest world champion in WWE history to have won the title at the age of 24.  However, the youngest world champion in the history of professional wrestling is Lou Theez, who won the NWA World Championship at the age of 21.

On Sunday, April 3, 2005, at WrestleMania XXI, he challenged Mark Calaway (aka The Undertaker) who was eager to end his 12–0 winning streak.  Orton suffered a shoulder injury during the match, causing him to lose his match, leading The Undertaker to a 13–0 defeat at WrestleMania.

He is expected to be out of action for about 4-5 months due to torn biceps muscles in his shoulder.

Right after WrestleMania XXI, he underwent immediate surgery to repair his shoulder. This is his second shoulder surgery.

On April 4, 2005, the day after WrestleMania XXI on Monday Night Raw, he challenged the new World Heavyweight Champion, Dave Bautista (aka Batista) for a title shot.  During the match, his shoulder suffered further injury and his biceps muscles were torn.

WWE has suspended him for 60 days for his unprofessional conduct.

His brother Nathan also wants to become a professional wrestler.

A huge fan of monster truck rallies.

 Actually good friends with Mark Callaway (aka The Undertaker)

In the lead-up to their WrestleMania 21 match, Mark Callaway (aka The Undertaker) suggested Randy to end his streak, but Randy refused to respect the Undertaker's legacy.

November 13, 2006 - Won his first World Tag Team Championship with Edge. They won as part of a new heels tag team: Rated RKO.

Former World Tag Team Champion.
The WWE Championship was awarded on an edition of WWE Raw (1993) after Vince McMahon stripped John Cena of the title due to injury.  As of November 5, 2007, Orton is the current WWE Champion and is set to face Shawn Michaels at Survivor Series.

Despite the fact that his on-screen character takes great pride in knowing he injured John Cena.  In real life he was the first to visit Cena after surgery and he felt really guilty.

Despite it being very popular, Orton disliked his entrance music Burn in My Light by Mercy Drive.  They performed on the song This Fire Burns

from Killswitch Engage (which eventually passed to CM Punk aka CM Punk) for a week before returning to Burn in My Light at the fans' request.  Switch, who cited a dissonance between Metal Songs and Orton.  They have since begun to use the Voice theme by Rave Theory and still use it as of this writing.

Their daughter, Alana Marie Orton was born on 12 July 2008 at 9:24 pm.  At birth, she was 8 pounds, 10 ounces and 22.5 inches tall.

After the dissolution of Evolution,he made himself stable as the leader of The Legacy.

Many fans and critics alike believe that The Age of Orton ended in 2008, when Manu, Ted DiBiase Jr, and Rhodes teamed up under Orton.

RAW's Taboo is set to face legendary wrestler Ric Flair in a pay per view event on Tuesday.  (October 2004)

After winning the No. 1 Contestant match against Batista on January 10, Triple H will face Triple H at the WWE Royal Rumble on January 30 for the Heavyweight Championship.  (January 2005)

Defeats Chris Benoit at SummerSlam to win the WWE Heavyweight Title (August 2004)

After losing to Ric Flair on Raw, Randy is ineligible to challenge for the world title as long as it is held by Triple H.  However, Orton will lead a four-man squad including Chris Jericho, Chris Benoit and Maven at Survivor Series against the Triples.  H, Batista, Edge and Jean Snitzky.  (November 2004)

During his week in charge of Raw, he pitted Triple H in a WWE Heavyweight Championship Triple Threat match against Edge and Chris Benoit.  Thanks to his interference with the Steel Chair, Triple H is defeated and Randy can now challenge for the title again.  (December 2004)

At Backlash, WWE Champion John Cena, Shawn Michaels, and Edge will face off in a Fatal 4 Way match for the WWE Championship.  (April 2007)

After being eliminated from Evolution, Triple H will face Triple H for the Heavyweight Championship at Unforgiven.  (September 2004)

Participated in a 6 man Elimination Chamber match for the vacant WWE Heavyweight Championship.  He lost to Triple H after an intervention from Batista (already eliminated), thus allowing Triple H to retain the title.  (January 2005)

He has a shoulder injury and will be off the field for 4-5 months.  (April 2005)

The Undertaker returned from a burning coffin after the Survivor Series match, chokeslammed to overtake everyone in the ring.  Orton is shocked (November 2005)

John Cena will face Shawn Michaels on Raw in the 1 Contender match for the WWE Title Belt.  (April 2007)

Won the Royal Rumble after entering No. 1.  8. (January 2009)

Now ready for SmackDown!  To feud with The Undertaker, Batista and Chris Benoit.  (June 2005)

When The Undertaker is playing a variety of mind games on him, he is set to face The Undertaker at Armageddon 2005.  (December 2005)

Triple H won his Survivor Series matchup against the team, meaning he would control Raw for a week during December.  (November 2004)

Was injured in an episode of Raw.  Will be out for about 2 months (June 2008)

Contract with SmackDown!  has expired.  Signed up with RAW.  (June 2006)

Helped defeat Ric Flair and 'Rowdy' Roddy Piper and win the World Tag Team Championship with tag partner Edge on the November 13 edition of Monday Night Raw in Manchester, England (November 2006)

At SummerSlam 2004, he defeated Raw World Heavyweight Champion Chris Benoit to become the youngest Heavyweight Champion in history.  (August 2004)

He defeated The Undertaker at SummerSlam with the help of his father.  (August 2005)

There will be a handicap match in the Saturday Night Main Event on March 18.  He will team up with Rey Mysterio' and World Heavyweight Champion Kurt Angle against WWE Champion John Cena' and Triple H.  (March 2006)

Going to face John Cena at SummerSlam for the WWE Championship (August 2007)

WWE Intercontinental Champion.  (December 2003)

The Undertaker will face off at WrestleMania 21.  (April 2005)

At WrestleMania 22, he lost to Rey Mysterio in the World Heavyweight Championship.  (April 2006)

MetLife Stadium, NY: Big Show and Sheamus team up against The Shield in a 6-man tag-team match at WrestleMania (March 2012)

Currently in WWE are members of stable development along with Triple H and Ric Flair.  (June 2003)

Triple H lost the World Title in WWE Unforgiven when Triple H hit Orton with a pedigree on a steel chair after Evolution intervened.  (September 2004)

His team (consisting of himself, Chris Jericho, Chris Benoit, and Maven) defeated the team of Triple H, Batista, Gene Snitsky, and Edge in a classic Elimination Tag Team match at WWE Survivor Series.  As a result, every member of his team will have to become the General Manager of Raw for one week for the next month.  (November 2004)

Was in a motorcycle accident near the house.  Re-injured collarbone and would be out for 3 months.  (August 2008)

On the March 7, 2005 edition of Raw, he issued a challenge to The Undertaker for a match at WrestleMania 21.  [March 2005]

Will compete in the 2006 edition of the Royal Rumble (January 2006)

Kurt Angle broke his ankle in the first match of the King of the Ring tournament.  (April 2006)

The current WWE Intercontinental Champion and former Champion Rob Van Dam is set to defend the title at the January 2004. Royal Rumble.  (December 2003)

Lost the Intercontinental Championship to Edge in Vengeance.  This ended a 7-month reign as Intercontinental Champion (July 2004)

At SummerSlam 2004, he became the youngest WWE World Champion at the age of 24 by defeating Chris Benoit with RKO.  (August 2004)

Ric Flair at WWE Taboo in a steel cage match on Tuesday when he hit Flair with an RKO.  (October 2004)

With girlfriend Stacy Keibler.  Getting ready for her match at the Royal Rumble.  (January 2005)

He will face Rey Mysterio at No Way Out for a title shot at WrestleMania 22.  (February 2006)

Edge will co-captain with Team Rated-RKO against Team DX at Survivor Series (Nov 2006)

WWE is set to face their former Evolution leader Triple H for the World Title in Unforgiven.  (September 2004)

Will face The Undertaker at SummerSlam 2005 (August 2005)

With the help of his father Cowboy Bob Orton, Undertaker was buried in a handicap 2 on 1 casket match and then set on fire at No Mercy 2005.  Orton thought he was really the Legend Killer for now. (October 2005)

After winning a 20 man over-the-top-rope battle royal on Raw, he would face Chris Benoit for the world title at SummerSlam 2004.  (July 2004)

After defeating Chris Benoit for the second night in a row on Raw (the night after SummerSlam), the rest of Evolution (Triple H, Ric Flair and Batista) turned their backs on Randy and attacked him.  Which probably means that Randy will become a face (good guy).  (August 2004)

Earned $1.9 million from WWE in 2016.

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wwe superstar roman reigns biography

  

Roman Reigns 

Friends, for a long time, we were getting demands to write about such a man, who has become the fastest and most famous in the last 4 years.  Whose fame is on all sides.  Yes, we are talking about Roman Reigns.  So today you are going to read Roman Reigns Biography In English.  That is, the biography of Roman Reigns.

One such superstar who has made a place in crores of hearts in a very short time.  But there are still many people who keep hearing the name of Roman Reigns, but they still do not know who this person is.  So we introduce them here once the life of Roman Reigns.

Roman Reigns is a WWE Superstar Wrestler.  The amount of respect he has achieved in the last few years, hardly anyone knows by achieving this.  He has billions of fans all over the world.  In this post you will get to know everything about Roman Reigns.

In India, his craze is made on sight.  Despite being 2-3 Indian-origin wrestlers in WWE, he remains the first choice of Indians.  And why not, when you see his unmatched and powerful actions in the ring, the man automatically gets drawn towards him.  Today we will know many things about him in the Biography of Roman Reigns.

It is true that Roman reigns have outperformed superstars like John Cena, Randy Orton, Undertaker and Triple H in terms of popularity in a very short span of time.  The people of his Moves are so crazy that they like to watch only their matches.  When he hits Superman Punch, people jump.

Similarly, before hitting the spear in the ring, roaring with both his hands increases the craze in people towards him.  Roman Reigns is the role model of many youth associated with fitness.  The kind of fitness he has, and the way he executes all his moves in a dainty style, he becomes a fan.
 
That is why we have to publish this post about the biography of Roman Reigns.  We had to do this on the demand of all the fitness lovers who are associated with us.  So let's know everything that you want to know about Roman Reigns.

Roman Reigns Biography In English

Let's start knowing the details about Roman Reigns now friends.  Roman Reigns' real name is not Roman Reigns.  His real name is Leati Joseph Anoa'i.  WWE chooses a Ring Name for each of its Superstars.  And he also gave Leati Joseph a name, Roman.

When Roman Reigns made his WWE debut, his name was Roman Leaki.  Later, the Romans changed their name to Roman reigns, and after that they got wings.  He kept on achieving achievements one by one.

Let us tell you here that Roman Reigns had to face defeat in 3 consecutive matches in his debut.  But after that he never looked back.  We can say with complete certainty that you are going to get tremendous inspiration from the biography of Roman Reigns.

Roman reigns was born on 25 May 1985 in Florida, United States.  He attended Pensacola Catholic High School and also played football from the school side.  Let us tell you that Roman Reigns is a great football player and before coming to WWE, he wanted to make his career in football itself.

Roman Reigns signed with WWE on July 1, 2010 and took training.  After training, on November 18, 2012, he made his debut in the main roaster of WWE along with seth rollins and Dean Ambrose.  Let me tell you a very interesting incident related to this.

Roman made his debut as a member of The Shield.  But let us tell you that the third member in The Shield was not the first Roman Reigns.  WWE was looking for a strong wrestler to support Dean Ambrose and Seth Rollins.  Roman Reigns was nothing at that time.

But just before the decision was made, Triple-H came and suggested the name of Roman Reigns to Vince McMahon.  At first Vince refused, but after much persuasion from Triple H, he agreed.  This is how Roman Reigns entered The Shied.

So we can say that if there was no Triple H, then today Roman Reigns would have been lost somewhere in the crowd.  Shield was a super hit and Roman became his biggest superstar.  The height of Roman Reigns is 6 feet 3 inches and his weight is 120 kg.

He is called by many names in WWE, such as The Big Dog and The Powerhouse.  You probably don't know that Roman Reigns is a big fan of Bret Hart and he has mentioned it many times.  Fans of Roman Reigns are not only us but many male and female wrestlers are also his fans.

Like John Cena, CM Punk, Big E, Paige and Mark Henry and so on.  Apart from this, know who are the friends of Roman Reigns.  Friends Roman's best friend is Dean Ambrose.  After that comes the numbers of seth rollins, titus-o-niel, triple-H and bran strowman.  He is a special friend of Roman.

Roman reigns family 

Let's talk about the family of Roman Reigns.  His father's name is Sika and he has also been a wrestler.  Apart from this, he has a mother whose name is Patricia Anoa'I.  Apart from this, he also has an elder brother, whose name is Rosey and he is also a wrestler.

Roman Reigns is a cousin of Yokozuna, Umaga, The Rock and The Usos.  Not only this, Nia jax also belongs to his family.  Many people from his family have a relationship with Wrestling.  So it can be said that wrestling is in their blood.

wife of roman king

Many people want to know about Roman reigns ki Wife, so let us tell those people that Roman Reigns married on 1 December 2014.  His wife's name is Galina Baker.  He has studied technology.  Roman Reigns became a father at a very young age.

They have a 10-year-old daughter named Joel.  He loves his wife and daughter very much.  Roman Reigns Biography in English.  In the next we tell you what kind of food they eat.  How is the diet of Roman reigns?  Friends Roman has told many times that he takes very little carbs, mostly he eats only protein-rich things.

He does not eat fried food at all, he mostly eats boiled things only.  He is an athlete and he has to take special care of his diet.  They mostly like to eat such fruits which are less sweet.

And finally let's talk about the earnings of Roman Reigns.  Many people want to know the answer to this question.  So let us tell you that even in terms of earning, they are not less than anyone.  His Net Worth is around $10 million, and his annual salary is $18 million.  So from this you can guess what kind of life he would have lived.

A few months ago, there came a time when Roman Reigns was battling blood cancer and at that time he was not participating in WWE.  That time was a very difficult time for him, for his fans and for all of us.  He had surgery only a few months back and he was slowly recovering from it.

But now with the blessings of all of you, Roman Reigns has returned to WWE RAW after getting Lukemia treated and his return was very bang.  Maybe you guys also enjoyed the return of Roman Reigns.  For the time being, she is fine now and will keep entertaining you all.

So friends, you have read our post here, Roman Reigns Biography in English – Biography of Roman Reigns.  Hope you liked the post.  Don't forget to like and share the post.  To connect with us, like our Facebook page and follow us.  Thank you.

 

 

 

 

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thomas alva edison biography english

Thomas Alva Edison 

Thomas Alva Edison was a great American inventor and businessman.  Patents of 1093 inventions are registered in the name of this great scientist who is known for his greatest achievements all over the world.  He is called the angel of light worldwide because of the invention of the electric bulb.  His father's name was Samuel Edison and mother's name was Nancy Eliot.  Edison was the youngest of the 

seven children of his parents.  His father tried to do all kinds of business but he did not get success in any.  When Edison was seven years old, his family moved to Port Huron, Michigan, where his father was employed as a carpenter at Fort Grariot.

Edison was very weak in childhood and had a very complex personality.  But his mind was always full of questions.  He did not believe in anything until he himself tested it.  Because of this kind of attitude, he was expelled from the school.  His teacher had said that this boy's mind was completely empty.

After being expelled from school, he was educated at home by his mother, who was a teacher herself.  Edison spent most of his education in R.G.  Parker School and The Cooper Union School of Science and Art.  Edison had trouble hearing since childhood.  All this was going on ever since he had a high fever in childhood and while recovering from it, his right ear hurt.  Since then he had some difficulty in hearing.

In the middle of his career, he told about his illness that a chemical caught fire while he was traveling on a train, due to which he was thrown out of the train and injured his ear.  Only a few years later, he broke this story by creating a new story and started telling that when the conductor was helping him in a moving train, suddenly he got hurt in his ear

It is in the year 1862 when he played on his life and saved the station master's child from dying in a train accident.  The station master was very pleased with this feat of Edison.  He had nothing to give in money, but he promised to teach Edison the telegraph.  Edison learned the telegraph from this man and in 1868 he got his first patent on the telegraph.  In the same year he invented the vote recording machine.

The following year he moved to New York.  There he also spent some time in poverty, but after a few days he got a job in the telegraph office of the stock exchange.  He presented his telegraph equipment to the President of the Exchange in the hope that he would get $2,000 for it, but the President of the Exchange was so impressed with his telegraph equipment that he gave Edison $40,000 for it, which marked the beginning of his fortune. 

 

In 1876, he established his own laboratory in Manlo Park, New Jersey.  There he did so much research that he came to be called the magician of Manlo Park.  Edison invented the gramophone in 1877.  Edison invented the electric bulb in the same laboratory in 1879.  When he was working on the electric bulb, he invented the principle of Thermionic Emission and later electronic bulbs were made on this principle.

Edison also created and contributed to cinema, telephones, records and CDs in addition to electric lighting.  All his inventions are in use today in some form or the other.  Based on Edison's research, the Remington typewriter was later developed.  He also invented an electrically operated pen, which later developed into the mimograph.  In 1889, he also developed the motion picture camera.

Edison was a great inventor, during his time he held 1093 patents all over the US, and he also has many patents in the United Kingdom, France and Germany.  All these patents of his had a great influence on his inventions.  He was not only a scientist but also a successful entrepreneur.  He used to experiment and test the time left after his work every day.  He used his imagination and memory to further his business.  

 

Known by name.  In World War I, Edison became the chairman of the Navy Advisory Board and made 40 war-useful inventions.  The Panama Pacific Exhibition organized Edison Day on October 21, 1915, to honor this subgenre of the greatest number of inventions for the welfare of the world.  In 1927, Edison was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences.

On October 21, 1929, President II greeted Edison as his special guest.  In 1912, he was to receive the Nobel Prize with his old colleague Telsa, but Telsa refused to take the Nobel Prize with Edison, due to which both scientists were deprived of the Nobel 

Prize.  Keep on searching.  He also considered death as the beginning of another laboratory for more serious experiments. I have completed my life's work.  Now I am ready for another experiment with this feeling, this great benefactor of the world left the world on 18 October 1931.

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steve jobs biography apple

Steve Jobs 

Born on February 24, 1955 in California, Steve Jobs' life was full of struggle from birth, his mother was an unmarried college student.  And that's why she did not want to keep him, and decided to adopt Steve Jobs in a good family.  But those who were adopters refused saying that they wanted to adopt the girl.  

Then Steve Jobs was adopted by Paul and Kalra Jobs living in California.  Both Paul and Kalra were not highly educated and belonged to the middle class.  When Steve Jobs was 5 years old, his family moved to Mountain View, near California.  Paul was a mechanic, and Steve knew electronics and Kalra was an accountant so she helped Steve with his studies.  Steve attended Monta Loma School and completed his primary education there.

After that she completed her higher education from Cupertino Junior High School.  And in 1972, for his college studies, he enrolled in Reed Call, Oregon, which was the most expensive college there.  Steve was very good at studies but, his parents could not pay the full fee,

so Steve raised money by selling bottle coke to pay the fees, and due to lack of money, he went to temples.  The people there used to eat free food.  And to save the rent of his hostel, he used to sleep on the ground in the rooms of his friends.

Despite saving so much, he could not raise enough money for fees and seeing his parents working hard, he left college and thought of helping them.  But his parents did not agree with him.  So instead of going to college at the behest of his parents, he accepted to go to creative classes.

Soon Steve started growing interested in him.  Along with going to classes, he started working as a technician in a company named Attari.  Steve believed a lot in spiritual life, so Steve came to India to meet his religious teacher.  And spent a lot of time in India.  During his stay in India, he completely embraced Buddhism and started dressing like a Buddhist monk.  and became completely spiritual.  And went back to California from India.

Beginning of Apple Company:-

In 1976, at the age of just 20, he started the Apple Apple company.  Steve, along with his schoolmate Wozniak, developed the operating system Macintosh in his father's garage.  And wanted to build Apple Computer to sell it.  But the problem was coming due to paucity of money.  

But his problem was solved by a friend of his, Mike Merculla, and he also became a partner in the company.  And Steve started making Apple computers.  He also enlisted John Scully, the chief officer of Pepsi, the Coca Cola Company, to work with him.  Due to the hard work of Steve and his friends, within a few years, the Apple company had grown from a garage to a company of $2 billion and 4000 employees.

Resignation from Apple Company:-

But this achievement of his did not last long, due to the dislike of him by his partners and quarrel among themselves, the popularity of the Apple company started decreasing.  Gradually the company got completely into debt.  And in the meeting of the Board of Directors, Steve was thrown out of the Apple company in 1985 by blaming all the blame.  

This was the saddest moment of his life.  Because he was fired from the company he had built with hard work and dedication.  The company was completely in debt as soon as Steve left.  5 years after resigning from Apple, he started two companies named Next-ink and Pixer.

The technology used in Next-ink was perfect.  And their aim was to make the best software.  And animation work was done in Pixer company.  After working for a year, money problems started coming and partnered with Rosh perot.  And Perot invested his money.

In 1990, Next-ink launched the first computer in the market but could not run in the market due to being too expensive.  Then Next-ink made the Inter personal computer which became very popular.  And Pixer made the animated film Toy Story, which is the best movie ever made.

Return to Apple Company:-

In 1996, Apple bought Steve's Pixer, thus his return to Apple.  At the same time he became the chief executive officer of Apple.  In 1997, due to his hard work, the company's profits increased and he became the CEO of Apple.  

In 1998, he launched the iMac I-mac in the market, which became very popular.  And Apple achieved a huge success.  After that I-pad, I-phone, I-tune were also launched.  In 2011, the CEO  Resigned from the post and became the chairman of the board.  At that time his wealth had grown to $7.0 billion.  And Apple had become the second largest company in the world.

death:-
Steve had a cancer disease named pain creative since 2003.  But still he used to go to the company every day so that he could provide the best technology to the people and due to cancer disease on 5th Oct.  He died in 2011 in Paalo Aalto, California.

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henry ford biography in english

Henry Ford

Henry Ford was an American industrialist, founder of the Ford Motor Company, and sponsor of the Mass production assembly line.  Ford also developed and manufactured the first automobile company that could easily be owned by the middle class people of America. The automobile company he built was named after him and soon this company made its mark all over the world and the 

ordinary automobile company soon started making valuable cars and left an impressive mark in the 20th century.  He then came out with the Model T, which revolutionized traffic and American industry.  Along with being the owner of the Ford company, he was one of the richest and richest people in the world.

He was also given the name of Fordism Ford wanted to increase its popularity on the international level, so they also attracted many customers by reducing the prices of their vehicles.  After this Ford's franchise was also opened in many parts of North America.  He had also given most of his wealth to the name of the Ford Foundation and made such arrangements that he remained under the control of his own family permanently.

early life:-

Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863, at Greenfield Farm, Michigan.  Actually his family was from Somerset, England.  Ford's parents died at the age of 15.  Henry Ford's siblings include Margaret Ford (1867–1938), Jane Ford (1868–1945), William Ford (1871–1917) and Robert Ford (1873–1934).  As a teenager, his father had given him a pocket watch.  At the age of 15, Ford had completely collapsed, but with the help of friends and neighbors, he got up again and made his mark as a clock fixer.  

Seeing the situation, his father wanted to give him a family farm, but Ford did not like working on the farm.  He later wrote, "I was never in love with the farm - but I loved my mother who worked in the farm."  In 1879 James F.  He left home to work with Flower & Brothers and later the Dry Dock Company in 1882.  Later he also worked on the steam engine at Westinghouse.  During this time Ford also practiced bookkeeping at Goldsmith, Bryant & Stratton Business College.

Marriage and Family:-

Ford married Clara Jane Bryant (1866–1950) on April 11, 1888, and ran a sawmill with the help of his wife.  They also have a son: Edsel Ford (1893–1943).

Career :-
In 1891, Ford Edison became the engineer of Gyanvardhan Company.  He had both enough time and money after he was promoted to chief engineer in 1893.  And then he also began to search on gasoline engines.  His discovery was completed in 1896 and he also built a vehicle which was named Ford Quadcycle.  He also did its successful training on 4th June.  After many test drives, Ford also made many improvements to its quadcycle.

1896 Ford also attended a meeting of Edison's executives, where he was introduced to Thomas Edison.  There he put the project of Ford Automobile in front of everyone.  Edison also appreciated his project and the work on the shape and car of the Ford was also completed in 1898.  Ford, backed by the capital of Detroit lumber baron William H. Murphy, also resigned from the Edison Company and founded the new Detroit Automobile Company on August 5, 1899.  At that time, even low quality vehicles used to cost a lot in manufacturing, due to which their cost was also high.  

For this reason, this company could not get success and in January 1901 the company was dissolved.  The Ford was later redesigned, rebuilt, and successfully driven with 26 horsepower in October 1901 with the help of C. Harold Wills.  With this success, Murphy and other co-workers founded the Henry Ford Company on November 30, 1901, replacing the Detroit Automobile Company, with Ford as its chief engineer.

After Ford left the company in 1902, Murphy again renamed the company the Kidillac Automobile Company.  In 1902, with 8+ horsepower, Ford teamed up with cyclist Cooper to win the race 999. After this Ford got Alexander Y.  Got the support of the Malcolms, who were coal-dealers from Detroit.  He also established Ford & Malcolmson Limited in partnership which produced automobiles.  After this Ford got involved in manufacturing and designing valuable vehicles.

Interesting facts:- Organized Fordist in Aldous Huxley's Brave New World (1932).  And that's when Ford also unveiled its first Model T.

Opton Sinclair described the fictional story of Ford in his 1937 novel The Fliver King.

Ford was also used to denote an individual character in many historical novels, which mainly led by E.L.  Doctoro's Ragtime (1975) and Richard Power's novel Three Farmers on the Way of Dance (1985).

Robert Lucky's biography of Robert Lucky in 1986 described Ford, his family, and all three of his company, and was titled, Ford: The Man and the Machine This book was adopted in 1987.

In the 2005 historical novel The Plot Against America, Philip Roth also described Ford as a multi-minded personality.
British author Douglas Galbraith used Ford's peace ship as the site of death in the novel King Henry (2007).

In 2008, Ford had made its mark in the world and also became one of the world's most valuable and valuable car manufacturers.

He has also been in the Automotive Hall of Fame in 1946.

Harmony composer Ferde Groff also composed a tone poem in honor of Henry Ford.

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Abraham Lincoln biography

Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of America, was born on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky (USA).  His full name was Abraham Thomas Lincoln, his father was a farmer.  He did not even go to school for a year, but taught himself to read and write and became a lawyer.  Before becoming a successful lawyer, he did a variety of jobs and gradually turned to politics.  At that time the problem of slavery was going on in the country. 

The white men were the masters of large farms in the southern states, and he called black people from Africa to work on his farm and kept them as slaves.  The people of the northern states were against this practice of slavery and want to end it. The constitution of America is based on the equality of man.  In this difficult time, Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States in 1860.

 He wanted to solve the problem of slavery.  The people of the southern states were against the abolition of slavery.  This can endanger the unity of the country.  The southern state was preparing to form a new country.  But Abraham Lincoln wanted all the states to be united.  Abraham Lincoln had to face many problems.  He wanted to protect the unity of the country at any cost.

Finally a civil war broke out between the northern and southern states.  He fought the war valiantly and declared, "A nation cannot be half slave and half without slave" He won the war and the country remained united.  Abraham Lincoln was sworn in for his second time on 4 March 1865.  After the oath ceremony, the speech made by Lincoln became very famous.  The speech brought tears to many people's eyes.  He was not against anyone and wanted everyone to live in peace.

 In 1862, Lincoln announced that all slaves would be free.  This is why Lincoln remained popular among the people.  Abraham Lincoln, who faced failures many times in his life, finally became a successful President of America.  He was such a great man of the United States of America, who devoted his life for the betterment of the country and society.

Lincoln never discussed about religion and was not affiliated to any church.  Once a friend of his asked him about his religious views.  Lincoln said – Long ago I met an old man in Indiana who used to say “When I do good, I feel good and when I do bad, I feel bad This is my religion

Death :-
On April 14, 1865, while watching a play in a theater in Washington, he was shot by a young man named John Wilkies Booth.  After this incident, on the second day, on the morning of April 15, Abraham Lincoln died.

Once Lincoln and one of his associate lawyers got a sly man punished by court for encroaching on the land of a mentally ill woman.  The matter lasted only fifteen minutes in the court.  After the associate lawyer won, the fee-sharing stunned him.  The associate counsel said that the woman's brother had paid the full fee and all were pleased with the court's decision, but Lincoln said - But I am not happy.  That money belongs to a poor patient woman and I would rather starve than take such money.  You return the amount of my fee to him.

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Narendra Modi Biography Politics, Law and GovernmentWorld LeadersPrime Minister

Narendra Modi Biography Politics, Law and GovernmentWorld LeadersPrime Minister

 Birth:

 September 17, 1950 (age 70) IndiaTitle / Office: Prime Minister (2014-) IndiaPolitical affiliation: Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh

Narendra Modi, full form Narendra Damodardas Modi, (born September 17, 1950, Vadnagar, India), Indian politician and government official, who became a senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).  In 2014 he led his party to victory in the elections to the Lok Sabha (the lower house of the Indian Parliament), after which he was sworn in as the Prime Minister of India.  Prior to this he had served (2001–14) as the Chief Minister (Head of Government) of the state of Gujarat in western India.

Early life and political career

Modi was raised in a small town in northern Gujarat, and completed his MA in Political Science from Gujarat University in Ahmedabad.  He joined the Hindu Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) organization in the early 1970s and founded a unit of the Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad, the student wing of the RSS, in his area.  Modi rose rapidly in the hierarchy of the RSS, and his later political career benefited greatly from his association with the organization.

Modi joined the BJP in 1987 and a year later was made general secretary of the party's Gujarat branch.  He was instrumental in consolidating the party's presence in the state in later years.  In 1990, Modi was one of the BJP members who participated in a coalition government in the state, and he helped the BJP achieve success in the 1995 state assembly elections, which saw the party form a BJP-controlled government for the first time in March.  Gave the permission to.  India.  The BJP's control over the state government was relatively short-lived, however, ended in September 1996.

Political Ascent and Tenure as Chief Minister of Gujarat

In 1995, Modi was made the secretary of the BJP's national organization in New Delhi and three years later he was appointed its general secretary.  He remained in that office for another three years, but in October 2001 he replaced fellow BJP member Keshubhai Patel, the current Chief Minister of Gujarat, when Patel was blamed for the state government's poor response to the massive Bhuj earthquake in Gujarat.  was ordained.  More than 20,000 people were killed earlier that year.  Modi entered his first electoral contest in the February 2002 by-election which won him a seat in the Gujarat state assembly.

Modi's political career thereafter remained a mixture of deep controversy and self-proclaimed achievements.  His role as chief minister was particularly questioned during the 2002 communal riots in Gujarat.  They were accused of ignoring the violence or, at least, doing little to prevent the killing of more than 1,000 people

that happened after a train fire in Godhra city killed dozens of Hindu passengers  .  In 2005 the United States refused to issue him a diplomatic visa on the grounds that he was responsible for the 2002 riots, and the United Kingdom also criticized his role in 2002.  Although Modi himself escaped any prosecution or condemnation in later years—either by the judiciary or investigative agencies—some of his close aides were found guilty of complicity in the events of 2002

and received long prison sentences.  Modi's administration was also accused of involvement in extra-judicial killings (known as "encounters" or "fake encounters") by police or other officials.  One such case, in 2004, involved the deaths of a woman and three men, who officials said were members of Lashkar-e-Taiba (a Pakistan-based terrorist organization involved in the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks).  were and were accused of conspiracy to assassinate Modi

However, Modi's repeated political success in Gujarat made him an indispensable leader within the BJP hierarchy and reintroduced him into the political mainstream.  Under his leadership, the BJP achieved a significant victory in the December 2002 Legislative Assembly elections, winning 127 of the 182 seats in the Chamber (including one seat for Modi).  Presenting a manifesto for growth and development in Gujarat, the BJP emerged victorious again in the 2007 state assembly elections, with a total of 117 seats, and the party won 115 seats in the 2012 elections.  Both times Modi won his elections and returned as Chief Minister.

During his time as the head of the Gujarat government, Modi established a formidable reputation as an able administrator, and was credited with the rapid growth of the state's economy.  Furthermore, his and the party's electoral performance helped propel Modi's position as not only the most influential leader within the party but also a potential candidate for Prime Minister of India.  In June 2013, Modi was elected the leader of the BJP's campaign for the 2014 Lok Sabha elections.

Narendra Modi's Premiership

After a vigorous campaign - in which Modi portrayed himself as a pragmatic candidate who could transform India's poorly performing economy - he and the party emerged victorious, with the BJP winning a clear majority in the chamber.  Modi was sworn in as the Prime Minister on May 26, 2014.  Soon after he took office, his government launched a series of reforms, including a campaign to improve India's transport infrastructure and liberalize rules on foreign direct investment in the country.

Modi had two important diplomatic careers early in his term  Achievements achieved.  In mid-September he hosted the visit of Chinese President Xi Jinping, the first time in eight years that a Chinese leader had visited India.  Later that month, the U.S.  After being granted the visa, Modi made a highly successful visit to New York City, which included visiting the U.S.  A meeting with the President was also included.  Barack Obama.

As prime minister, Modi oversaw the promotion of Hindu culture and the implementation of economic reforms.  The government took measures that would largely appeal to Hindus, such as attempts to ban the sale of cows for slaughter.  Economic reforms were widespread, introducing structural changes – and temporary disruptions – that could be felt across the country.

One of the most far-reaching was the demonetization and replacement of 500- and 1,000-rupee notes with only a few hours' notice.  This was intended to prevent "black money" - cash used for illegal activities - which made it difficult to exchange large amounts of cash.  The following year the government centralized the consumption tax system by introducing the Goods and Services Tax (GST), which removed a confusing system of local consumption taxes and eliminated the problem of cascading taxes. 

These changes slowed GDP growth, although growth was already high (8.2 percent in 2015), and the reforms succeeded in expanding the government's tax base.  Still, rising cost of living and rising unemployment disappointed many as grand promises of economic growth remained unfulfilled.

This disappointment was recorded with voters during elections to five states in late 2018.  The BJP lost in all five states, including the BJP strongholds of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Chhattisgarh.  The rival Indian National Congress (Congress Party) won more state assembly seats than the BJP in all five elections.

Many observers believed that it was a victory for Modi and the BJP in the national elections scheduled for the spring of 2019.  Bad news, but others believed that Modi's charisma would enthuse voters.  Also, a security crisis in Jammu and Kashmir in February 2019, which raised tensions with Pakistan to the highest level in decades, a few months before the election boosted Modi's image.

with BJP dominance during the campaign  -Unlike Rahul Gandhi and the Congress's shoddy campaign-the BJP returned to power, and Modi became the first Prime Minister of India outside the Congress party to be re-elected after a full term.

Modi's government in its second term in October 2019 revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir, removed it from autonomy and brought it under the direct control of the central government.  The move was sharply criticized and faced challenges in court, not only for the questionable legality of denying self-determination to residents of Jammu and Kashmir, but also because the government severely curtailed communication and movement within the region.  was banned.  

Meanwhile, in March 2020, Modi took decisive action to tackle the COVID-19 outbreak in India, swiftly enforcing strict nationwide restrictions to reduce the spread, while the country's biotechnology firms worldwide developed vaccines.  Became a major player in the race to develop and deliver.  As part of an effort to counter the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, Modi took executive action in June to liberalize the agriculture sector, a move that was codified into law in September.

Many feared  was that the reforms would make farmers vulnerable to exploitation, however, and protesters took to the streets to protest the new laws.  Mass protests were organized in Delhi starting from November and continued till 2021.

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Mohammed bin Salman biography

Mohammed bin Salman biography

Mohammed bin Salman, full name Muhammad ibn Salman ibn Abd al-Aziz Al Said also known as MBS, (born 31 August 1985), member of the Saudi royal family, who served as Minister of Defense (2015–) and Crown of Saudi Arabia  Served as Prince.  Arab (2017–).  He is the son of Saudi King Salman bin Abdulaziz and his third wife Fahdah bint Fala ibn Suleiman.

early life

From a young age, Mohammad was interested in the government, lived in the shadow of his father and was conscious of his image.  Along the way he learned to communicate with a variety of dignitaries and to avoid the imprudent.  He attended King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 

where he graduated in 2007 with a bachelor's degree in law.  He later founded several firms and a non-profit organization with the aim of promoting entrepreneurship in the state.  In 2009 he became a formal advisor to his father, who was then the governor of Riyadh.  As Salman rose in rank and influence, eventually becoming Crown Prince in 2012, his trusted son Mohammed was raised with him.

Minister and Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, despite being only 29 years old when his father

In charge of defense and economic policy

King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia died in January 2015 and Salman became king.  He immediately appointed Mohamed as his defense minister.  Within a few months, Mohammed began an aggressive military intervention in Yemen's civil war.  Known as Operation Decisive Hurricane, the objective of the operation is to overthrow the government of the Yemeni President.  Abd Rabbu Mansour Hadi has a decisive advantage against the Shia Houthi

insurgency in the north of the country.  It was thought that a Houthi victory could give Saudi Arabia's main regional rival Iran a foothold on Saudi Arabia's southern border.  The campaign, however, failed to turn the tide in the war and resulted in a prolonged standoff and one of the worst humanitarian crises in modern history.

Mohamed was also placed in charge of the state oil company Aramco and the Council on Economic and Development Affairs, the country's primary policy-making body for economic development.  He sought to open Aramco to an initial public offering (IPO) and launched bold development initiatives, such as his Vision 2030 plan designed to attract foreign investment to industries outside its energy sector.  However, some of these policies proved too ambitious.  Although he expected Aramco to launch the world's biggest IPO in early 2017, the move was repeatedly delayed.

Prince

Mohamed was appointed Crown Prince in June 2017 and has wasted no time in pursuing his audacious goals.  A few days later he led a multistate blockade against Qatar, not only for his friendly stance towards Iran but also for his support of rival non-state actors in the region such as the Muslim Brotherhood.  Although the blockade caused a crisis for Qatar in the short term, the country used its funds to move its economy away from dependence on its fellow Gulf countries.

At times his outspokenness overseas had the opposite effect and caused a backlash internationally.  In November 2017, Lebanese Prime Minister Saad al-Hariri suddenly resigned under suspicious circumstances during a visit to Riyadh.  It was only after significant international pressure that Hariri was allowed to return to Lebanon, where he immediately suspended his resignation.  The circumstances behind the bizarre episode remained unclear, but Mohamed reflected the world's skepticism at an investment conference a year later when he cracked a joke about Hariri's kidnapping.

Around the same time as Hariri's awkward resignation, dozens of Saudi princes, business leaders and senior officials were arrested.  The maneuver was billed as an anti-corruption sweep.

But because the detainees were some of the country's richest and most powerful men – including mega-billionaire Prince al-Waleed bin Talal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud – many observers doubted that the sweep's real purpose was at the hands of Mohamed.  I wanted to gain power. 

Many were released only after relinquishing partial control of their businesses to the state or paying billions of dollars.  The Saudi government is believed to have collected more than $100 billion from the move.

Despite being clearly shaken, Mohamed was initially revered abroad as a reformer at home.  His policies began to ease, often to the conservative Saudi and Wahhabi religious establishment, many of the strict social restrictions Saudi Arabia was known for.

In line with her effort to promote tourism in the state, the ban on cinemas was lifted and women were allowed to participate in sporting events.  In 2018 she loosened the public dress code a bit, saying that women are not required to wear a long black cloak in publi.

Later that year women were allowed to obtain driving licenses, allowing women to go to work, go to school, or work without accompaniment.  Nevertheless, these moves towards liberalization appeared to be driven by economic gains and not by the desire for freedom.  While women were offered new options 

that allowed them to earn and spend money without the need to provide constant consent and transportation to their male guardians, the government also cracked down on women activists who fought for greater independence.  The pressure was on.

In October 2018, Mohammed plotted the extra-judicial murder of Jamal Khashoggi, a prominent journalist and exiled government critic who once served as an adviser and aide to the Saudi ambassador 8546_$_On the orders of Mohammed, Saudi operatives took Khashoggi to Istanbul.  He was taken to the Saudi consulate in the U.S., where they tortured and hacked him.  Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoan voices opposition to the assassination 

committed on Turkish soil against a dissident living in exile, raising international concerns of both the state's sovereignty and human rights.  The fallout was implied as the royal family continued to shirk responsibility for the incident, but Mohamed's image abroad was tarnished.

Mohammed once again detained fellow members of the Saudi royal family in March 2020.  Under investigation for treason, the detainees are said to have included princes very close to the throne, including King Salman's brother Ahmed and Mohammed bin's former Crown Prince Muhammad ibn Nayef.  Salman replaced him.

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