History of Kolkata- The city of Kolkata was founded in 1690

History of Kolkata

Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal, was founded by Job Charnock in August 1690.

Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal, was founded by Job Charnock in August 1690.  Kolkata is the second largest metropolis and fifth largest port of India.  It is situated on the left bank of the Hooghly River, 170 km from the top coast of the Bay of Bengal.

Considered the intellectual capital of India, Kolkata was the capital of British India during British rule, Kolkata being considered the second largest city of the British Empire after London.  This city was once called the Pearl of the East.  I have been calling it as Calcutta or Calcutta.

The name of Kolkata is also mentioned in the revenue account of the Mughal emperor Akbar (reigned 1556–1605) and in Manasamangala composed by the Bengali poet Bipradas (1495).  The 

history of Kolkata as a British settlement begins with the establishment of a trading post here in 1690 by an officer of the British East India Company, Job Charnock.

In 1717, the Mughal emperor Farrukhsian allowed the East India Company to trade on an annual payment of Rs 3,000.  This arrangement gave great impetus to the 

development of Kolkata.  A large number of Indian merchants started gathering in the city.  Under the flag of the company, the employees of the company started doing duty free private business.

Kolkata did not become the capital of British India until 1772, when the first Governor-General Warren Hastings moved all important offices from the provincial Mughal capital Murshidabad to this city.

In 1773 Bombay and Madras, located at Fort William  came under the rule.  The Supreme Court, which enforced the British law, began to extend its initial jurisdiction to the Maratha trench in the city.

The last blow was the partition of Bengal in 1947.  The population of Kolkata had increased, social problems also intensified and the demand for self-government for India also increased.  During the Second World War, Japanese air strikes on Kolkata port caused great damage and casualties.

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The partition of Bengal between India and Pakistan in 1947 left Kolkata far behind, as it lost a part of its former background as the only capital of West Bengal, losing trade.