History of Mumbai - Mumbai city full information

History of Mumbai

The name of the city of Mumbai is derived from Goddess Mumba Devi.  Mumbai formerly also known as Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra.  It is located on the west coast of India between 18˚ 52′ and 19˚ 04′ north latitude and 72˚47′ and 72˚54 east longitude.  It is surrounded by water on three sides, the open Arabian Sea to the west, Thane Creek to the east, Vasai Creek to the north and Mahim Setu to the south.

Mumbai comprises of two separate regions, the Mumbai City District and the Mumbai Suburban District.  The district area of ​​the city is also commonly referred to as the island city or South Mumbai.  The total area of ​​Mumbai is 603.4 km2.  The city of Mumbai is 67.79 km, while the suburban district covers 370 km, together with the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) accounting for 437.71 km.  The remaining areas are outside the jurisdiction of the MCGM and belong to various defense establishments, Mumbai Port Trust, Atomic Energy Commission and Borivali National Park.

According to the 2011 census, the Mumbai urban agglomeration or metropolitan area is the most populous area in India with a population of 1.84 crore.  The Mumbai Metropolitan Region which includes the city of Mumbai (Greater Mumbai), Thane, Kalyan Dombavali, Navi Mumbai, Mira Bhayandar, Ulhasnagar, Ambernath and Badlapur, covers an area of ​​1063 km2.

Mumbai - Early History

The original Mumbai consisted of seven separate islands and formed an outskirts of the kingdom of Aaranta or North Konkan, of which the earliest ruler in history was named Ashoka.  He was succeeded by a dynasty of Satakarnis or Satavahanas, which flourished around the 2nd century AD, and were in turn succeeded by the Mauryas, Chalukyas and Rashtrakutas.

The earliest inhabitants of the islands were the Koli, an aboriginal tribe of farmers and fishermen who traveled there about the opening of the Christian era, and built hard hut settlements in parts of the islands now known as Upper Colaba.  , known as Lower Colaba.  Dongri, Mazgaon, Naigaon, Sion, Mahim and Warli.

In the Maurya and Chalukya periods (450–750 AD), the city of Puri or Elephanta Island was the principal place in the Mumbai port: but under the chiefs of the Shilaharas of Konkan (810–1206), Mumbai was better known through the discovery of Shatigundi.  .  Or the "stone of the test" and the construction of the Walkeshwar temple at Malabar Point.  Some of the oldest buildings in the city built during this period are Jogeshwari Caves (between 520 and 525), Elephanta Caves (between 6-7th century), Walkeshwar Temple (between 10th century), and Banganga Tank (12th century).

But King Bhima, who probably belonged to the house of Yadavas of Devagiri, founded Mahikavati (Mahim) in 1294 as a direct result of Ala-ud-din Khilji's raids in the Deccan.  The followers of Bhima, among whom the most notable were the Prabhu Palshikar Brahmins, Panchkalshi, Bhandari, Bhoi and Thakur, who were spread over the islands and settled in Mahim, Sivari, Naigaon, Matunga, Wadala and Parel.

Bombay under Portuguese and British

The Sultanate of Gujarat conquered Salsette and Mumbai islands in 1384 and remained with them until 1534.  On 25 October 1535, the seven islands of Mumbai came under Portuguese control when Sultan Bahadur handed them over to the Portuguese.  The Haji Ali Dargah in Worli was built in 1431 in honor of the Muslim saint Haji Ali.

Mumbai remained under Portuguese control till 1734.  After that the island of Bombay (Bombay Island) was gifted to the Queen of England in about 1760-61.  The islands were transferred from Taj to the East India Company in 1668, who placed it under the factory of Surat.  In 1708 the East Indian Company shifted its headquarters from Surat to Bombay.  The Bombay suburban district known as Celsat and was part of Goa which was under the control of the Portuguese from 1771–72, the British took control of the territory of the region.  Thus began the journey of the modern city of Mumbai.

Mumbai - The Modern City

Mumbai comprises of two separate regions, the Mumbai City District and the Mumbai Suburban District.  The district area of ​​the city is also commonly referred to as the island city or South Mumbai.  Initially, this island city or the city of seven islands was known as Bombay.  In the mid-18th century, Bombay was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project, which improved the area between the seven islands by sea.  Along with the construction of major roads and railways, a reform project completed in 1845 transformed Bombay into a major port on the Arabian Sea.  Bombay became the capital of the Bombay Presidency in 1817–18.  1838 saw the construction of the Colaba Causeway, which connected the last of the original seven islands to the main island of Bombay.

In 1871, Thane district was carved out of Konkan's east side and part of Bombay Island known as Taluka South Celsett.  In the year 1920, Celsett Taluka was divided into two parts, which are known as South Selsett Taluka and North Celsett Taluka.  Originally the Selsat taluka consisted of 84 villages which were located from Bandra to Dahisar and Kurla to Mulund.  Subsequently, in the year 1920, the Mumbai Suburban District was formed consisting of 84 villages of South Selsett Taluka and North Selsett Taluka.

During the 19th century, three causeways

were built that joined Bombay with the suburban districts.  The first Causeway connects Sion with Kurla in Bombay, the second Mahim to Bandra and the third Kurla to Trombay with Chembur.  The population of the city of Bombay in 1901 is 776,006.  After the independence of India in 1947, the city was included in the Bombay State.  In 1960, after the Samyukta Maharashtra movement, a new state of Maharashtra was created with Bombay as the capital.