Why Republic Day is celebrated in India

 

Chandrashekhar Azad

Born - July 23, 1906 in Bhavra, Madhya Pradesh

Died - February 27, 1931, happened in Allahabad.

Chandrashekhar Azad, the name of such a personality, on hearing which the British officers would have gone to the ground.  They roamed around without fear, carrying their lives on their palms, carrying out revolutionary activities fearlessly.  Who does not know such a son of Mother India.  Despite being such a great personality, he was very easy going and simple in nature.  Personally he was a dutiful, straight, honest and honest person.  There was no pride in them at all (less only) and they sacrificed everything for the service of the country.

Swami Chandra Shekhar Azad of the great revolutionary ideology was born on 23 July 1906 in a tribal village Bhawra.  His father was Pt. Sitaram Tiwari and mother was Jagrani Devi.  Being brought up among the Bhil boys, Azad had become proficient in targeting in his childhood.  Since childhood, Azad was a skilled sniper and of a fearless nature.

The spirit of patriotism was filled in the mind of Azad.  At the age of 15, he was arrested for the first and last time during the non-cooperation movement.  He had vowed not to be arrested by the British while he was alive and fulfilled this oath till his death.  He used to say, "I am free, I will remain free."  He hated the British rule and preferred the path of strong revolution to get freedom from them.

Bhagat Singh was one of his dearest associates.  He loved Bhagat very much and did not want to lose him under any circumstances.  Bhagat Singh was arrested after the assembly bombing and was sentenced to death along with his associates Rajguru and Sukhdev.  To stop this punishment, Azad went to Allahabad to meet Pt. Nehru ji on 27 February 1931, during this time, on the information of an informer, the police surrounded this great revolutionary in Alfred Park and asked to surrender.  Azad faced an encounter with the policemen for about an hour and committed suicide by killing himself with the last bullet of his gun.  In this way, the god of this revolution made a complete sacrifice of himself in the Havan of 'Freedom Struggle' on 27 February 1931.

Birth and family status
Chandra Shekhar Azad, who believed in strong revolution, was born on 23 July 1906 in Bhawra village (present-day Alirajpur) in Madhya Pradesh.  His father Pt. Sita Ram Tiwari was a staunch lover of Sanatan Dharma.  His father's native village was Kanpur, but his teenage years were spent in Badar village of Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh, Kanpur.  Tiwari's family was not very prosperous.  Sometimes they had to starve for several days.  Due to severe famine in Unnao district, with the help of one of his relatives (Hazari Lal), Tiwari ji along with his wife came to Alirajpur and from here to Bhavra village.  There were three marriages of Pt. Sitaram.  His third marriage was to Jagrani Devi.  Azad was their fifth child.  Before the birth of Azad, his mother's three children had died.  He also had an elder brother, Sukhdev.

early life
Azad's early life was challenging.  His family condition was not good.  Due to lack of family, he had to starve for two days.  Chandra Shekhar was very weak but very beautiful in childhood.  His childhood was spent with Bhils.  This is the reason that he became a skilled sniper at a very young age.  Azad was very courageous and fearless since childhood.  He did not have much interest in reading and writing.

They would go out into the jungles with their comrades and play the game of robber and police.  Azad was very dear to his mother.  He was also very afraid of his father.  Once Azad stole some fruits from the garden and sold it, which his father used to guard.  Pt. Sitaram was very idealistic, when he came to know about this, he beat Azad as much as he could, and when Chandrashekhar's mother tried to save him, he also pushed her aside and thrashed Chandrashekhar.  Destroyed.  This was the reason that Azad used to shy away from his father very much.

elementary education
Chandrashekhar's early education started at home.  He had no special interest in studies.  His father's close friend Pt. Manohar Lal Trivedi took the responsibility of his studies.  He used to make him and his brother (Sukhdev) do the work of teaching and also used a cane when he made a mistake.  Chandrashekhar's parents wanted to make him a scholar of Sanskrit, but by the time he came to class four, his mind was determined to run away from home.  They just kept looking for opportunities to escape from home.  In the 

meantime, Manoharlal got a simple job in his tehsil so that his mind could get away from the things here and there and it would also help in some financial help of the house.  But Shekhar was not interested in the job.  He just kept thinking of ways to leave this job.  The spark of patriotism was burning inside him.  Here the spark was slowly taking the form of fire and they were just trying to escape from the house.  One day Azad ran away from home after getting a suitable opportunity.

Chandrashekhar's escape to Bombay

Azad befriended a pearl seller in Alirajpur, who told interesting stories about Shekhar Kollam and inspired him to move to Bombay.  With his help, Shekhar was able to escape from home to Bombay.  But in 'Bombay' they got lost and Shekhar was left alone.  He stayed there for a few days and did the work of painting the ship on the beach, and earned his living.  But soon he got bored with the life there and came to Banaras without a ticket in a train to Benares.  Due to lack of some special investigation, they reached Banaras easily.

Chandrashekhar's arrival in Banaras

Leaving the boring life of Bombay, Shekhar came to Benares and started his education again.  Here he started studying Sanskrit after taking admission in a charitable institution.  Here Shekhar made an in-depth study of Laghukaumudgi and Amarkosha.  Along with studies, the feeling of patriotism was also being awakened in Azad.  Wherever in Kashi there was a saint, Shekhar used to go there and listen to the stories of Veer Ras with great love.  During this time he went to the library, read newspapers and kept information about national movements.  After getting settled in Banaras, Chandrashekhar informed his house and asked the family members to remain calm.  His parents were somewhat satisfied with this information.

These days the non-cooperation movement was in full swing, there were dharnas and demonstrations from place to place.  The spark of patriotism that had been burning in Chandra Shekhar's mind since childhood got air and took the form of fire.  In 1921, he also took out a procession with 15-20 students by gathering them and marching in the main streets of Banaras with the slogans “Vande Mataram”, “Bharat Mata Ki Jai”, “Inquilab Zindabad”, “Mahatma Gandhi Ki Jai”.  Walk around cheering.  All of them were between 13 and 15 years old.  The procession of little children was progressing with great enthusiasm and enthusiasm, which was led by Chandrashekhar himself.

When the police came to know about this, a contingent of police came to stop the procession, seeing that some children went here and there and a couple of accomplices including the leader were arrested.  This was the time when Chandrashekhar came in the custody of the police for the first and last time.  The child Chandrashekhar was produced before the judge in the court, but still there was no trace of fear in him.  He met Parsi magistrate Mr.  The questions asked by Khareghat were answered in this way:-

What is your name? - asked the magistrate.

The boy said boldly in a loud voice-

Freedom.

The judge stared at the boy from top to bottom and asked another question,

What is your father's name"

The boy replied in the same posture-

Independent

The judge was enraged by his answer and filled with anger asked the third question-

where is your home

 The boy said with the same courage-

 jail house

The judge was furiously enraged by these answers of Chandrashekhar and sentenced this little boy, who was crazy about freedom, to a severe punishment of 20 whips.  Hearing the punishment, Shekhar was not scared at all and he shouted Bharat Mata.

He was brought to jail for flogging and he started being tied, so he asked to be whipped without binding.  At this time he was only 15 years old.  When he was constantly being attacked mercilessly with whips, he stood still and kept shouting slogans of 'Bharat Maa Ki Jai' and 'Inquilab Zindabad' after every whip.  They raised slogans with the same loudness and courage as they were beaten up.

He fainted on the last whip and still he did not give up.  His whole body was full of whips, yet without groaning in pain, he got up and walked towards his house.  Seeing his courage, all the people present there pressed their fingers under their teeth.

The news of this incident spread like fire in the whole of Banaras, and a crowd of people gathered to see them.  After this incident, his name was 'Azad', and preparations were being made to honor him.  An article in the name of 'Veer Balak Azad' was also published in his praise in the magazine "Maryada" edited by Dr. Sampoornanand.

Why Republic Day is celebrated in India

Preparations were being made for Azad's public felicitation.  The reception was chock full.  People were getting very eager to see that brave boy.  Azad came in the meeting shouting slogans like Bharat Mata ki Jai, Vande Mataram etc., which created more enthusiasm among the people and they started shouting slogans of Azad ki Jai.  When Azad came to the meeting, he was so small that people could not even see him.  So he was made to stand on a table, people welcomed him with garlands of flowers.  His whole body was covered with flowers.  He gave a passionate speech at this ceremony.  The next day many articles of his phenomenal courage were published in the magazines.  His courage was discussed throughout Banaras and he became very dear to the people of Banaras.

Perhaps this would be the incident after which Azad would have vowed never to be caught by the police if he had won.

Admission in Kashi Vidyapeeth and joining revolutionary organization

Azad took admission in Kashi Vidyapeeth to study further.  Heard the praise of his courage from everyone's mouth here.  Wherever he went, on seeing him, the children and students present there used to talk about his courage in jail.  Everyone gives him a lot of respect.  All this was a completely new and special experience for Azad.

Azad wrote his name to study, but he did not feel like studying at all.  Now, whatever they did, they had to drive the British out of their country.  He used to read his course books less controversial literature and more.  Gradually, he started making contact with other students having the same spirit as him.

The non-cooperation movement was withdrawn by Gandhiji after the Chauri-Chaura incident.  But the revolutionaries were engaged in their activities.  Azad had little faith in Gandhian policy and whatever little he had, it was also not due to him withdrawing the non-cooperation movement.  He was completely in favor of a strong revolution.

At the same time, Shachindranath Sanyal, who had come out of Andaman, had established the revolutionary party, after which the Anushilan Samiti was established, which was headed by Suresh Chandra Bhattacharya.  This Anushilan Samiti established 'Kalyan Ashram' in Banaras.  All these organizations were merged to form a joint team because their objectives were the same.  The name of this joint party was named "Hindustani Republican Association".

The movement in Banaras was led by Shachindranath, Bakshi, Rajendra Lahiri and Rabindra Mohan Sarkar.  These people included Azad in the party.  At first Azad was an ordinary member and later he became most famous for his integrity and his tireless work.  He was very smart in selecting the new members of the team.  He used to test any new member thoroughly on the parameters set by him before joining the team.  He used to go deep into his feelings, then he used to make someone a member of the team.

Strengthening the organization by inducting new members into Hindustan Republican

As soon as he joined the organization, Azad gradually left the worries of home-door, parents, hunger and thirst.  He just kept thinking to strengthen the organization as a whole.  His only goal now was to include suitable youth in the team.  He always kept thinking to implement the plans of the party into action.

In giving the party the form of an organization, Azad showed his ability unmatched.  This ability of Azad can be gauged from the fact that he not only rekindled the fire of revolution in the heart of Swami Govind Prasad (Ramakrishna Khatri), who had taken complete detachment from the world, but also included him in the organization.

Connecting Ramakrishna Khatri to the organization

Ramakrishna Khatri was the leader of the militant nationalist party of the Congress.  But now he was completely detached from the world and was leading the life of Swami.  Azad and other members of the organization wanted to give a new direction to the party with his ideas by including him in their party.  But to include Swamiji, who had become detached from the world, was a big challenge in itself.

Azad himself took this responsibility and reached Swamiji's house with his companion Upendranand Brahmanand.  Swamiji was ill at that time.  His friend introduced Chandrashekhar as a follower of Gandhiji.  From that day onwards, Azad started serving the ailing Swamiji.  As a rule, they started spending three to four hours with him.  As a result of Azad's service and care, Swamiji slowly started recovering and both of them started arguing on political issues.

Chandrashekhar used to provoke Khatri by taking Gandhi's side in this debate.  Khatri was anti-Gandhi, he was against Gandhi's withdrawal of the non-cooperation movement, he would argue with Azad on this matter, but he would simply take his side by justifying Gandhi's decision and instigate Swamiji more.  When Chandrashekhar was determined that Khatri is still a supporter of the same radical ideology and is eager to join the revolutionary party, then one day when he came to meet him, he gave a piston in his hand, seeing that Khatri  It was understood that he was getting his service from no one else but from Azad for so many days.  Similarly, with his wisdom, many youths were connected with his organization.

Financial problem facing the organization and its solution

Azad created such a big organization with his efforts, but now the biggest problem in front of him was to collect money for the organization.  The main reason for the emergence of economic problems was that all the people of the organization were not businessmen and employed.  All the members involved in the organization were such that they were ready to sacrifice everything and serve Mother India.  So there was no fixed source of income.  Sometimes a small amount of money was received from any person or social organization in the form of donation, but it was not enough for the organization.  In such a situation, without funds, the organization was failing to implement its plans.  If someone was directly asked for donations for the organization, then there was a fear of breach of the confidentiality of the party.

Azad was not worried about his starvation because he had grown up in such conditions that if he did not get food even for four or five days, it did not matter, but the work of the organization should not stop.  He cared more about his companions than himself.  To collect money for the party, Azad changed many forms, made many efforts but to no avail.  In order to collect money, any member would have followed the path shown by him, but did not get any success.

A meeting was organized to advise regarding the economic condition of the party.  Chandrashekhar Azad, Ramprasad Bismil, Rajendra Lahiri, Roshan Singh, Manmanath Gupta, Shachindra Nath Bakshi, Ashfaqulla Khan and Ramkrishna Khatri participated in this meeting.  With the consent of all, the work of robbing the houses of the wealthy landlords of the village was started.

After this decision, many attempts were made to commit dacoity, most of which were unsuccessful and some were even successful.  But even these robberies would have collected very little money which was not sufficient for the organisation.  After these efforts failed, the plan to collect money by raiding the village was canceled as it was adversely affecting the prestige of the party and the profit was getting very less.  So now it was decided that now only railways and banks should be robbed and government property should be looted.

Kakori incident (9 August 1925)
All the members of the revolutionary party agreed that there is more benefit in looting the government treasury only.  By 1925, the organization had also become strong and its work had also accelerated.  Meanwhile, at the end of July, information was received that a stock of pistols is coming from Germany, which has to be bought by paying cash before reaching the port of Calcutta.  For this money was needed which could be obtained only by loot.  Due to this the Kakori incident started.

Asfaqullah Khan opposed this plan because he believed that the organization was not yet strong enough to directly challenge the government and the plan to loot the exchequer is to directly challenge the government.  This plan of robbing the railways may endanger the existence of the organization.  But even after his opposition, this motion was passed with a majority.

Azad used to be in the forefront to do such works.  Seeing his enthusiasm, energy and fearlessness, Ramprasad Bismil gave him the title of "Quick Silver i.e. Pare. No matter how difficult the task was, he was always at the forefront.  He used to jokingly say that “I was fed lion meat as a child.”  Although this was not true, but he actually had the same boldness and courage as a lion.

Draft plan of Kakori incident and its implementation

First it was decided where to rob the car.  In the beginning of the plan, it was decided that when the train is parked at a station, then the treasure bags should be looted, but later on reconsidering this plan, this plan did not seem appropriate and it was decided to pull the chain of the moving train.  The car should be stopped at a secluded place and then the treasury should be looted.

Ramprasad Bismil, Shachindranath Bakshi, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Ashfaq and Rajendra Lahiri were mainly involved in this plan.  Shachindra Nath got three tickets from a village named Kakori for the second class 8 down train going from Shahjahanpur to Lucknow and sat in the second class compartment with Rajendra and Ashfaq.  The rest of the companions came and sat in the third class compartment.  As soon as the car approached the signal, Bakshi pointed to the companions and Ashfaq and Rajendra pulled the chain of the 

car. The car stopped.  When the train stopped, the guard asked the reason, he told that our jewelry box was left at the station itself and saying this he went close to the guard.  His purpose of approaching the guard was to take him in his possession and reach the government treasury as the treasury was in his box.  Taking him into custody, Ashfaq did the work of breaking the vault and Bismil took over the main leadership.

After breaking the safe, they hid all the money in the bag and went to the nearby forests.  Hiding from there, they all reached Lucknow.  This scandal became a question of the prestige of the British rule and they started the work of finding these revolutionaries everywhere but without success.  Big posters were put up on every street, every station to catch Azad and all his companions also left Lucknow in disguise one by one.

Ferrari's life after the Kakori incident
Ferrari's the Kakori incident, the story of this incident was in the headlines of every newspaper.  Due to this the people of the organization had to move here and there.  Seeing the seriousness of the situation, Azad also went to Banaras after asking his companions to go to his village Bhavra.  This habit was in Azad from the beginning, he often did not go to the place where he asked to go, saying that he would go somewhere else, he used to go to some other place.  This was the reason why the police could not arrest him.  Azad was very adept at dodging the police and escaping.

When Azad went to Banaras and saw that the police was heavily guarded there too, he did not consider it appropriate to stay there and came to Jhansi.  Bakshi had already reached here under the policies of the party.  Azad also reached near them while hiding.  He stayed with Rudra Narayan, a teacher in Jhansi.  In those days Master's house was the center of revolutionary activities.

Azad stayed there for a few days.  After this, to avoid the suspicion of the police, Master Rudradutt arranged for them to live in the guise of a celibate in a hut near the Hanuman temple on the banks of the Tarar river in the forest of Orchha.  This place was full of wild animals.  But he lived comfortably as a monk in the same hut without any fear.

A few days later, Rudradutt appointed him as an assistant to a motor driver.  Now Azad started learning to drive by staying there and even the police could not suspect him.  During this time he learned to drive a motor.

Azad used to roam from here to there disguised as fearlessly throwing dust in the eyes of the police.  CID to catch Chandrashekhar from place to place in Jhansi.  Raids were being conducted but the police were not able to catch them.  In the meantime, he escaped from there and came to Kanpur.

Azad meeting Bhagat Singh

After the Kakori incident, Azad, escaping from the police, first went to Jhansi and then to Kanpur Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi.  The students were very generous to the revolutionaries.  He was very happy to meet Azad.  In those days, the article 'Pratap' edited by the student was being published at a very good level.  Through the publication of this letter, by publishing articles against the British easily, the general public was made aware of the real condition of the nation.

The majesty of Vidyarthi ji on the one hand and the group of youths ready to die for their country on the other hand were becoming a thorn in the eyes of the British government.  Meanwhile, the student received a letter from Bhagat Singh from Lahore that he wanted to work as an assistant to Pratap.  Replying to this letter at the earliest, he invited Bhagat to come to Kanpur.  His main purpose of inviting Bhagat to come so quickly was to get the meeting of two great personalities ready to sacrifice themselves on the altar of revolution.

Bhagat Singh wanted to meet Azad long ago.  Both of them were familiar with each other's ideology and wanted to meet each other.  Bhagat Singh had already received the form of Hindustani Prajatantra Dal and, being very much blown away by his objectives, was eager to meet Azad.  Ganeshshankar was already familiar with this wish of Bhagat, so how could he let this opportunity pass through his hands.  He extended an invitation to take over the job at the earliest.

Bhagat Singh immediately left for Kanpur on this invitation.  His invitation filled him with a new glimmer of hope.  Seeing his enthusiasm, the student hugged him and started working in the editing department of Bhagat Pratap as Balwant.  It was here that he introduced Bhagat to Azad, describing the situation at that time in this way: "What a coincidence that two crazy people, who have been eager for each other's interview and cooperation.  are present in front of each other."  Within no time both of them got acquainted with each other as if they had known for years.  At this time both needed each other to carry forward the revolutionary organization

The plan to escape the accused of Kakori case (case) from jail

Efforts were made to reunite the scattered revolutionary party.  The problem with this was that the main leaders of the party were in jail.  So Azad and Bhagat together made a plan to get the accused of Kakori incident out of jail.  But this plan did not succeed and the accused of Kakori case were sentenced to death after running the case for about 18 months.  The accused included Ramprasad Bismil, Rajendra Lahiri, Roshan Singh and Ashfaq Ullah Khan.  The news of the execution spread anger among the public and the public demanded the cancellation of the death sentence.  On this, the dates of execution were postponed twice but the death penalty was not postponed.

Rajendra Lahiri was first hanged in Gonda jail on 17 December 1927.  After this, on December 19, Ramprasad Bismil was hanged in Gorakhpur, Thakur Roshan Singh in Allahabad and Ashfaq Ullah Khan in Faizabad.  Azad was shocked by this incident and started thinking afresh on his plans.

Reorganization of Revolutionary Party and protest against Simon Commission

On 8 December 1928, a meeting of major revolutionaries was held under the chairmanship of Chandrashekhar Azad in the Khandron of Firoz Shah.  In this meeting a committee of seven members was formed.  This committee included – Sardar Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, Sukhdev, Phanindranath Ghosh, Shivvarma, Kundan Lal and Vijay Kumar.

Chandrashekhar Azad was the president of the entire organization, along with this he was specially elected the leader of the army department.  The name of the party was changed from Hindustan Republican Association to Hindustan Socialist Republican Army.  Bomb making factories were opened in many places on behalf of the party and bomb factory centers were established.  These centers were established in Agra, Lahore, Saharanpur and Calcutta.  It was also decided in this meeting that only those matters would be given priority in the party which would be of public importance as this would make the party popular among the masses and it would be successful in clarifying the objectives of the party.

At the same time, incidentally there was a protest against the coming of Simon Commission in India.  Movements were being organized by the public against the Simon Commission.  It was a golden opportunity for Azad and his party.  The prominent leaders of the party convinced Punjab Kesari Lala Lajpat Rai to lead the movement.  When the Simon Commission reached India on 20 October 1928, a massive procession was taken out in protest against this commission.  The command of its leadership was in the hands of Lala Lajpat Rai

and the youth of the party were carrying forward the protest rally by forming a strong cordon around them, as well as an umbrella was placed over them to protect them from any kind of crisis.  Meanwhile, the Superintendent of Police, Stock ordered a lathi charge.  Then Lala ji's umbrella was broken due to the blow of Saunders' stick and his shoulder got hurt.  Young men still present around them with great enthusiasm were ready to carry forward the procession.  But Lala ji ordered him that - "The mujahira should be put to death in the face of this brutal act of the police."  On his statement the performance was adjourned.

Lala Lajpar Rai gave a speech in the evening meeting.  In this speech, he said while addressing the public – The government which attacks the people with cruelty will not be able to last long…. I challenge today that each and every one of the sticks on me was attacked by the British Government.  will become the nail of the shroud."

After this tragic attack, Rai could not recover and he died on 17 November 1928.  The whole of India was plunged into mourning.  Azad's party decided to avenge the death of Punjab Kesari.  The team decided to kill the police officer who attacked Lala Lajpat Rai.  Azad, Bhagat, Rajguru and Jaigopal were appointed for this task.  Together, on 17 December 1928, giving the answer of brick with stone, Saunders was put to death.

dodge the police
After the murder of Saunders, there was a stir in the police administration.  Punjab Police was searching for the killers like crazy all around.  CIDs all over Punjab  A trap was laid but none of these four came.  In the evening, the members of the party gathered secretly to discuss amongst themselves.  At that time the party did not have enough money to solve the problem of food.  Azad brought ten rupees from somewhere and after feeding everyone, planned ahead and everyone was ordered to go separately.

The biggest problem was to send Bhagat Singh out of Lahore because a soldier had seen him while firing.  For this, Azad and Sukhdev made a plan that Bhagat should be sent out with Durga Bhabhi.  Changed his disguise and gave him the form of an Englishman, and Durga Bhabhi went with him as his meme, as well as Rajguru joined him as his servant.  In this way he succeeded in getting Bhagat out of Lahore.  In the second compartment of the same car in which these three were traveling, Azad was also sitting in the disguise of a Mahatma so that he could handle the situation in case of any disturbance.  In this way the police just kept on sifting through and these great patriots came out from under his nose.

bomb blast in assembly
After the murder of Saunders, this party became the favorite of the public and they started getting donations easily.  The problem of financial crisis was overcome, easily the objectives of the party started being fulfilled.  In this sequence, the team opened a bomb making factory in Agra and the work of making bombs started here.  Now the party decided to do something big so that two tasks can be accomplished simultaneously 

First the public should be aware of the objectives of their party and secondly, by intimidating the British rule, free India.  For this, Bhagat Singh gave the decision to throw a bomb at Asmbeli in the party meeting.  Everyone agreed on this.  The names of Azad and Bhagat Singh were proposed for this work, but both of them were necessary to survive for the future of the party.  So it was decided to leave Bhagat and Batukeshwar Dutt.

Azad wanted that the bomb should be thrown away, while Bhagat Singh was in favor of getting arrested and making his point known to the public.  Because he believed that by throwing empty bombs and by blowing pamphlets, his objectives could not be reached to the public.  For this, getting arrested and telling your motives in court is a more appropriate solution.  Chandrashekhar Azad was not in favor of this.  They wanted that the bomb should be thrown away and the fire of revolution should be spread among the common people through secret contacts.  On 

Bhagat did not listen to them, in compulsion, the party also had to obey Bhagat.  The biggest reason Azad emphasized was that he had great affection for Bhagat and did not want to do any harm to the party by losing him at any cost.  But he did not walk in front of Bhagat and he had to give his consent even if he did not want to.  Azad was very sad that his mood could be understood from his words - "Is it my job as a general to gather new comrades, to introduce them, to increase affection and intimacy, and then by handing them over to death, I am as good as I am. Let me sit.

After the assembly scandal, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were sentenced to death.  Azad was deeply saddened by this decision.  He formed an organization in Bombay to get Bhagat out of jail.  There, meeting Prithviraj, giving him the responsibility of leading the organization in Bombay, he himself started trying to free Bhagat Singh and his companions.  To make this effort successful, Azad had sent Sushila Didi (Azad's associate) and Durga Bhabhi to Gandhi

He had sent a proposal to Gandhi in which he said that if Gandhiji could get the hanging of Bhagat Singh and Dutt removed and withdraw the ongoing cases, then Azad could also hand over himself along with his party to Gandhiji, then  Whatever they want to do.  Azad agreed to dissolve the party.  He did not get any satisfactory answer from Gandhi too, which caused great disappointment to the party, yet the efforts were continued.

The absconding life after the murder of Saunders
Azad had lived the life of a very long fugitive.  He was absconding since September 26, 1925.  After the murder of Saunders on 17 December 1928, the noose was ready for him.  But the police could not arrest them.  In Ferrari life, while walking on the road or traveling in a train, it was strictly forbidden to do such actions that would make anyone aware of his political interest.  While traveling in the car, the revolutionaries used to spend their time in simple tales, or would spend their time reading a novel by taking it.  An interesting anecdote from his Ferrari life is as follows – “Azad, Rajguru and Bhagwan Das were going to Mahour.  To pass the time and to avoid doubt, Azad asked Bhagwan Das to sing.  Bhagwandas used to sing well.

Bhagwan Das started singing and Azad gave his praise.  Rajguru also kept praising him for some time, but as soon as the car entered the border of Bundelkhand, Rajguru's eyes went on those small maris built on the hills, in the same way Rajguru gestured and said, 'Pandit ji (Azad)  How suitable is this place for guerrilla fighting.  

Azad deliberately ignored his words and paid attention to other things.  But Rajguru was engrossed in his own tune, he again said – the place Shivaji had chosen was also of a similar type.  This time Azad said with annoyance – of your Shivaji. Then Rajguru understood what he was doing.  After reaching Jhansi, addressing Rajguru with love, he said – Brother-in-law, today you abused Shivaji from me.

To nab Chandrashekhar, the police was trying hard on the heels.  The government was doing everything possible to nab them.  The police were after them after washing their hands, various rewards were declared to catch them.  But imprisoning Azad is not a child's play, he had vowed not to be imprisoned while he was alive.  Special police arrangements were made to nab them in Kanpur, Banaras, Jhansi and Delhi.  Persons who recognized him were posted at these places.  Still, Azad used to run away throwing dust in his eyes.  Sometimes they would go out in front of the police and the policemen did not even know.

Azad's specialty was that he did not go anywhere on the date he was asked to go.  This was the reason why they did not get caught by the police.  The second reason was that he was adept at disguise.  Whenever he traveled he would do it in disguise.  Do not go to the place where you are asked to go and go somewhere else.  So no one could inform him and he would have managed to escape.  He also met Bhagat Singh in his Ferrari life.  During these days, he would work to strengthen his organization.

Azad's personality
Azad was rich in great personality.  He was a man of discipline.  Everyone was impressed by his sacrifice, personality, passion, talent, spontaneity, courage and character.  He was a person who followed his discipline.  He followed complete celibacy.  He did not like that any person of his organization should insult women.  He himself had great respect for women.  His order in the party was that no person should cast an evil eye on a woman, if anyone did this, he would first become a victim of his bullet.

He was tough in nature and easy going.  His living condition was very simple.  Liked the food completely dry.  Khichdi was his favorite food.  He did not spend even a single rupee on himself.  He neither cared about his name nor about his family.  Once Bhagat Singh had asked him with a lot of insistence that - "Pandit ji, tell me so much, where is your house and who is there

so that in future we can help them when they need it, then the countrymen should be made a martyr.  to be properly introduced."  On hearing this, Azad said angrily – “I do not want my name to be written in history, nor do the family members need anyone’s help.  Now this thing should never come in front of me.  I am not hungry for name, fame and help like this.”  Because of this personality of Azad, everyone's head bows in reverence for him.

Once upon a time, there was a motor car of the party for arranging money for any work of the independent party, it had to be sold to solve the financial crisis.  The financial condition of Azad's parents was very pathetic, but Azad, who was ready to die on the country, had no time to worry about the family.  When Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi came to know about that condition of his parents, he gave 200 rupees to Azad and asked him to send it to his family members.  But Azad spent this money in the work of the party.

When the student asked about sending money again, Azad laughed and said – “Two pistol bullets are enough for those old-aged people.  Student ji, there are lakhs of families in this country who do not get bread even at one time.  My parents get food once in two days.  They may starve, but will not allow party members to starve for money.  Even if my parents die of hunger, this will not cause any harm to the country.  Saying this he went free and the student was only left looking at him with

astonished eyes.  Such was the great revolutionary Azad who did not spend even a single rupee of the party on himself.  There was never any kind of greed nor pride in the mind of this great revolutionary.  He did not lose his composure even in adverse circumstances.  No matter how dire the situation, Azad never fell into addiction.  Even in Bombay, he never consumed meat-liquor while working with ship-painters.  Even if someone told him, he would have naturally refused.  Azad was a staunch Brahmin

He always kept away from intoxicants like meat, alcohol and cigarettes, but sometimes he used to pretend to smoke cigarettes to avoid the police.  Although later, on the insistence of Bhagat Singh and other revolutionaries, he started eating raw eggs, but he never ate meat.  Followed celibacy for life and always respected women.  Like Azad's work, his personality was also very great.

Dissolution of the party (4 September 1930)
After the Assembeli bombing incident, arrests of revolutionaries were made from place to place.  Some surrendered themselves, some became police informers, some became government witnesses and some died in police encounters.  In this way, Azad was deeply pained due to betrayal by some of the party members.  He was saddened even before Bhagat's arrest and the betrayal of some members made him absolutely unbearable.  Due to all these incidents, Azad decided to disband the party.

On the afternoon of 4 September 1930, he gathered the remaining revolutionaries and held a meeting and ordered the dissolution of the party.  Thus the Central Assembly of Delhi was dissolved so that the parties could be reorganized afresh and work could be done on a fresh and new basis.  Along with this, all the members who were there were asked to work independently in their area and also said that whenever they feel their need, they can ask them for help.  With this decision, Azad left from there giving necessary weapons to all the chiefs of the area.

Azad's last years of life
After the dissolution of the party, Azad made his center in Prayag (Allahabad) and used to conduct his plans from here.  Azad lived with his few companions in the house of Laxmi didi in Katra locality of Allahabad.  Laxmi didi's husband was a colleague of Azad and was martyred during some revolutionary incident.  Laxmi didi was his wife

He ​​asked his wife to help the members of the team for life and when Azad decided to stay in Allahabad, Lakshmi didi opened the doors of his house to him.  Now his task was to protect the leader of the party.  In the form of a beggar, she would inform Azad by knowing the secrets of the police, CID, as well as cooking and feeding food for him and his companions.  She used to help as much as she could and tried her best to keep Azad safe along with his companions.

Meeting Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru
There was a lot of uncertainty about the future in Azad's mind.  It was decided during the Round Table Conference that a compromise would be reached between the Congress and the British.  In such a situation, there were many questions in Azad's mind.  To solve the same questions, he first met Motilal Nehru but he died and no solution was found.  After this he went to meet Jawaharlal Nehru.  This meeting is described by Nehru in his autobiography "Meri Kahani", some excerpts of which are as follows:-

“Azad agreed to meet me that with our release from prison, there is a general hope that there is going to be some compromise between the government and the Congress.  He wanted to know that if there is an agreement, then the people of his party will also get any peace or not?  Will he still be treated like a rebel?  Will they be followed everywhere like this?  Will the reward for their ends keep on being announced?  Will the gallows always be hanging 

or will there be a possibility for them to engage in business peacefully?  He himself said that I and my comrades have been convinced that terrorist methods are absolutely useless, they are of no use.  Yes, he was also not ready to believe that India would get freedom only by peaceful means.  He said that there may be an opportunity for armed fighting in the future, but it will not be terrorism.

No one knows how much truth is there in this statement of Nehru, but one thing is very clear that Azad did not go to talk about himself but about his party comrades.  They wanted to convert Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev's death sentence to life imprisonment in the Round Table Conference by Gandhi because they knew that the condition of British rule is very weak at this time

and Congress's position is strong in front of it as well if  If Gandhi and Nehru want, they can also persuade the British by putting pressure on this matter.  They had already sent Sushila didi and Durga Bhabhi to talk to Gandhi on this issue, but they did not get any satisfactory answer, so they met Nehru to talk in this context.  There was a lot of anger with Jawaharlal Nehru on this matter and Azad left from there in anger.

Martyrdom (27 February 1931)
After meeting Nehru on the morning of 27 February 1931, Azad went out in a rage and went to Alfred Park to discuss some important issues with his friend Sukhdev.  At the same time, a treacherous became a police informer and informed about Azad being in Alfred Park.  On receiving the news of Azad being in Alfred Park, Police Inspector Vishweshwar Singh called S.  P. Not informed Babur and surrounded the park with the police force.  Azad was talking to Sukhdev, meanwhile a bullet hit Azad's thigh, while Azad retaliated, he punctures the tire of the police officer's car.

Azad drives away his fellow Sukhdev from there and takes charge himself.  Meanwhile, another bullet hits his right lung.  They face a completely bloodied police team.  They aim and shoot the not Babar and smash the motor of his car with a single bullet.  He did not fire any Indian soldier.  When hiding in the bush, S.  P. Visvesvaraya addressed him by abusing.  This self-respecting Azad did not tolerate and broke his abusive jaw in one shot.

Such a good shot that the CID's I.G.  Words came out of his mouth in praise too "Wonderful shot.  Blood-soaked Azad took the support of a tree and fought alone with the police force for about half an hour.  Even in such critical times, Azad remembered how many bullets he had spent.  He remembered that he had only one bullet left with him as well as his vow not to be imprisoned while he was alive.  Blood-soaked Azad held a pistol to his forehead and freed himself from all these shackles.  He himself made these words meaningful:-

We will face the bullets of the enemies, we are free, we are free, we will remain free.
Azad did not come in the captivity of the British while he was alive.  He was free and would remain free till his death.  His fear in the police was alive, but it did not subside even after his death.  When his body rolled down on the lifeless earth, no one dared to come near him for a long time.  Then an officer shot him in the leg to see whether he was actually dead or alive, with no response, the police officers went closer to his body.

Slowly the news spread like a fire that Azad was martyred in Alfred Park and a crowd gathered around the park to have the first and last glimpse of that great revolutionary.  The crowd was increasing on the crowd.  The noise and noise started increasing all around.  Fearing a riot, the police took away his body in a truck and after conducting his post-mortem, the last rites were performed at a secret place.

The next day, after selecting Azad's ashes, the youth took out a huge procession.  In the evening, a meeting was held to honor Azad's martyrdom and a heartfelt tribute was paid to him.  The British government could not kill Azad even after killing him.  Even on this victory she lost.  Azad who was martyred to awaken the light, the movement for independence got burnt in the mind of every young man of India and finally Azad's dream of independent India was fulfilled on 15 August 1947.

tribute to azad
After the death of Azad on 27 February, the great leaders of the country, while paying tribute to Azad, said: -

Pt. Madanmohan Malviya - Pandit ji's death is my personal loss.  I can never recover from this.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah - The country has lost a true soldier.

Mahatma Gandhi - I am hurt by the death of Chandrashekhar.  Such persons are born only once in an era.  Yet we must protest non-violently.

Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru – With the martyrdom of Chandrashekhar, the freedom movement in the whole country will be shaken in a new form.  India will always remember Azad's martyrdom.